Bunions

Bunions can change your gait, causing pain, swelling, and discomfort near the joint of your big toe. At Austin Foot & Ankle Institute, in Austin and Bee Cave, Texas, board-certified orthopedic surgeon Pedro Cosculluela, MD specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of bunions. They can offer various treatment options, ranging from conservative approaches to surgical procedures. Call your nearest location today or schedule an appointment online to learn more.

What are bunions?

Bunions are bony protrusions that usually develop at the base of the big toe. They occur when the big toe deviates toward the second toe, causing the joint at its base to protrude outward. Over time, the joint enlarges, causing the big toe to drift further toward the other four toes. 

A bunion can cause significant pain and discomfort. It can change your walking pattern, which may add stress to other parts of your foot and lead to additional foot problems, such as corns, calluses, and hammertoes.

What are the signs of bunions?

Bunions are usually visibly apparent. Along with a bony bump at the base of your big toe, you may experience:

• Pain
• Tenderness
• Redness
• Swelling
• Corns and calluses
• Hardened skin on the bottom of your foot
• Limited range of motion in your big toe
• Pain when walking

As the bunion grows, the big toe can turn inward, taking up the room of the second toe, which then commonly overlaps the big toe. This can make wearing shoes uncomfortable. 

What causes bunions?

A combination of genetic and environmental factors can cause bunions. Sometimes, bunions run in families. If you have close relatives with bunions, take precautionary steps to protect your feet. 

Other common causes of bunions include:

• Tight-fitting or narrow shows
• High-heels
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Certain neuromuscular conditions

Uneven weight distribution on the feet can also cause bunions.

How are bunions diagnosed?

Dr. Cosculluela can typically diagnose a bunion during a visual exam. They may perform additional testing to determine the severity of your condition and plan your treatment. An X-ray can help check the alignment of your toes and identify damage to the joint at the base of the big toe.

What are the treatment options for bunions?

Dr. Cosculluela provides complete care for bunions and offers a range of nonsurgical and surgical options to improve your comfort. At Austin Foot & Ankle Institute, your personalized treatment plan for bunions may include:

• Custom-made orthotics
• Footwear changes (wide-toed shoes)
• Bunion pads
• Physical therapy
• Bunionectomy (surgery)

If you have a bunion, early intervention is essential to preserve your foot health and function. Call Austin Foot & Ankle Institute today or schedule an appointment online to get the quality care you deserve.