Why Men Are More Vulnerable to Achilles Tendon Rupture

Achilles tendon ruptures affect 40 in 100,000 people in the United States every year. The rate has increased significantly in the last 10 years, likely due to more people playing recreational sports. Most of these ruptures affect men in their 30s and 40s; 84% of all cases occur in men. 

Why do these ruptures occur more often in men than women?

At Austin Foot & Ankle Institute in Austin and Bee Cave, Texas, we treat many of these patients every year. Here’s what we’ve learned to explain why men are more vulnerable than women to Achilles tendon ruptures.

What’s an Achilles tendon rupture?

The Achilles tendon is the largest tendon in the human body. It runs down the back of the leg, connecting the calf muscle and heel bone. If your calf muscle contracts, the Achilles tendon pulls and tightens, which allows you to stand on tiptoes or point your toes.

It’s also involved in all kinds of motion, including walking, running, and jumping. It can withstand stress, but a sudden stop, start, or pivot can cause the tendon to rupture, often accompanied by a loud snapping or popping sound.

Treatment for an Achilles tendon rupture depends on your age, activity level, and the severity of the tear, but most ruptures need surgery to repair the tendon.

Why do they happen more often to men?

So why do Achilles ruptures happen more often in men? Research provides a couple of possible explanations. First, men’s calf muscles tend to be larger and stronger than women’s. They can exert greater force on the tendon, increasing the chance of rupture.

Second, while men’s Achilles tendons may be larger, these tendons in women tend to be more elastic and less stiff during movement. Because men’s tendons aren’t as flexible, they’re more susceptible to a tear.

Research also suggests hormonal differences (women have more estrogen) may play a role.

For both men and women, following a couple of tips may help prevent an Achilles tendon rupture. If you’re about to work out or compete in a game, take a few minutes to warm up. If you go into the activity cold, your body won’t be ready for sudden bursts of movement.

Also, stretch your calf muscles and Achilles tendons regularly to keep them loose.

If you’re dealing with an Achilles injury or tear, Dr. Pedro Cosculluela and our team at Austin Foot & Ankle would be honored to provide treatment to get you back in the game as soon as possible. Call the office near you or request an appointment online today.